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Elections in Andhra Pradesh
Elections in Andhra Pradesh state, India are conducted in accordance with the Constitution of India. The Assembly of Andhra Pradesh creates laws regarding the conduct of local body elections unilaterally while any changes by the state legislature to the conduct of state level elections need to be approved by the Parliament of India. In addition, the state legislature may be dismissed by the Parliament according to Article 356 of the Indian Constitution and President's rule may be imposed.
Andhra Pradesh electoral system[edit]
In 2014, Andhra Pradesh (Total 294 seats) was bifurcated into Andhra Pradesh (175 seats) and Telangana (119 seats) states.
National level representation[edit]
Lok Sabha delegation[edit]
Andhra Pradesh is represented by 25 MP's in Lok Sabha. In the 2019 Indian general election, out of 25 seats, Yuvajana Sramika Rythu Congress Party won a majority of 22 seats, while others manage 3 seats with a very least majority.[1]
Rajya Sabha delegation[edit]
Both houses of the state legislature jointly nominate Members to the Rajya Sabha. With YSRCP Has 6 Rajyasabha seats from Majority of state seats
State level representations[edit]
Legislative Assembly[edit]
The Andhra Pradesh legislature assembly has 175 seats. For the election of its members, the state is divided into 175 Assembly Constituencies in which the candidate securing the largest number of votes is declared elected. In the Andhra Pradesh Assembly Elections 2019, the YSR Congress Party formed the state government having an outstanding majority of 151 seats, 20 seats of TDP ,1 With JSP & 3 As Indipendents (represented by ASSEMBLY SPEAKER)
Legislative Council[edit]
The Upper House known as the Legislative Council has lesser powers than the Assembly and several of its members are nominated by the Assembly; others are elected from various sections of society, such as Graduates and Teachers. Currently the Legislative Council consists of 58 members.
History of elections in Andhra Pradesh[edit]
The first general elections were conducted in Andhra Pradesh in 1956, for 249 constituencies representing 26 Districts. In 2009, the Andhra Pradesh State Legislative Assembly had 294 seats representing 23 districts. From 1956 to 1958 the Andhra Pradesh Legislature was Unicameral and from 1958 when the council was formed the Legislative Council was abolished and the Andhra Pradesh Legislature became Unicameral once again, until March 2007 when it was re-established and elections were held for its seats as per The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council Bill, 2004.[2]
Main political parties[edit]
Telugu Desam Party (TDP), Jana Sena Party (JSP), Indian National Congress (INC), Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), YSR Congress Party (YSRCP),Communist Party of India (CPI), Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPIM).
Lok Sabha elections[edit]
Since independence, 15 Lok Sabha elections have been contested in India, starting in 1951. The elections held in Andhra Pradesh are listed below. The 1951 election results from Hyderabad state, since Andhra Pradesh gained statehood, after merging with Telugu speaking Madras, after that election.[clarification needed]
| Year | Lok Sabha Election | Winning Party/Coalition | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1952 | 1st Lok Sabha | Indian National Congress | |
| 1957 | 2nd Lok Sabha | Indian National Congress | |
| 1962 | 3rd Lok Sabha | Indian National Congress | |
| 1967 | 4th Lok Sabha | Indian National Congress | |
| 1971 | 5th Lok Sabha | Indian National Congress | |
| 1977 | 6th Lok Sabha | Total: 42. Indian National Congress: 41/42. Janata Party: 1 (Sanjiva Reddy) | |
| 1980 | 7th Lok Sabha | Total: 42. Congress (Indira): 42/42 | |
| 1984 | 8th Lok Sabha | Telugu Desam Party - 27/42; INC-11, CPI-1, CPM-1, BJP-1, MIM-1 | |
| 1989 | 9th Lok Sabha | Indian National Congress - 39/42. (MIM-1, TDP-2) | |
| 1991 | 10th Lok Sabha | Indian National Congress; INC-25, (TDP-14/CPI-1/CPM-1), MIM-1 | |
| 1996 | 11th Lok Sabha | Indian National Congress; INC-22, (TDP-16/CPI-2/CPM-1), MIM-1 | |
| 1998 | 12th Lok Sabha | Indian National Congress; INC-21, TDP-12, BJP-4, MIM-1 | |
| 1999 | 13th Lok Sabha | National Democratic Alliance (TDP-29/BJP-7), INC-5, MIM-1 | |
| 2004 | 14th Lok Sabha | United Progressive Alliance (INC-29/TRS-5/CPI-1,CPM-1), TDP-5, MIM-1 | |
| 2009 | 15th Lok Sabha | United Progressive Alliance (INC-33), (TDP-6/TRS-2), MIM-1 | |
In 2014, Andhra Pradesh (Total 42) was bifurcated into Telangana (17) and Andhra Pradesh (25) states. (TRS won 11 out of 17 in Telangana.)
See : Information about Elections in Telangana
From 2014[edit]
Total Seats- 25
| Lok Sabha | Election year | 1st party | 2nd party | 3rd party | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 16th Lok Sabha | 2014 | TDP 15 | YSRC 8 | BJP 2 | |||
| 17th Lok Sabha | 2019 | YSRC 22 | TDP 3 | ||||
Assembly election[edit]
| Year | Election | Chief Minister | Party | Party-wise seats details | Opposition Leader | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1956 | First Assembly | Neelam Sanjiva Reddy | (Congress) | Total: 142. Congress: 119 CPI: 15, Independents: 8 |
Puchalapalli Sundarayya | |
| 1957 | Second Assembly | Damodaram Sanjeevaiah Neelam Sanjiva Reddy (2) |
(Congress) | Total: 105. Congress: 68 PDF: 22, Jana Sangh: 0, Independents: 12 |
Puchalapalli Sundarayya | |
| 1962 | Third Assembly | Neelam Sanjiva Reddy (3) Kasu Brahmananda Reddy |
(Congress) | Total: 300. Congress: 177 CPI: 51, Swatantra Party: 19, Independents: 51 |
Puchalapalli Sundarayya | |
| 1967 | Fourth Assembly | Kasu Brahmananda Reddy (2) | (Congress) | Total: 287. Congress: 165 Swatantra Party: 29, CPM: 9,CPI: 11, BJS : 3, RPI: 1, SSP: 1, Independents: 68 |
T. Nagi Reddy | |
| 1972 | Fifth Assembly | P.V. Narasimha Rao Jalagam Vengala Rao |
(Congress) | Congress: 219/287, Independents: 57. | Vacant | |
| 1978 | Sixth Assembly | Marri Chenna Reddy T. Anjaiah Bhavanam Venkatarami Reddy Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy |
Congress(Indira) | Total: 294. INC(I)+Congress: 205, Janata Party: 60, Ind: 15. | Gouthu Latchanna | |
| 1983 | Seventh Assembly | Nandamuri Taraka Rama Rao Nadendla Bhaskara Rao |
(Telugu Desam) (Rebel TDP Group) |
Total: 294. Telugu Desam: Approx 205. Congress: 60, BJP: 3, CPI: 4, CPM: 5. |
Mogaligundla Baga Reddy | |
| 1985 | Eighth Assembly | N T Rama Rao (2) | Telugu Desam Party | Total: 294. TDP: 202, Congress: 50 BJP: 8, Janata Party: 3, CPI: 11, CPM: 11 |
Mogaligundla Baga Reddy | |
| 1989 | Ninth Assembly | M Chenna Reddy (2) Nedurumalli Janardhana Reddy Kotla Vijaya Bhaskara Reddy (2) |
Congress | Total: 294. Congress: 181, TDP: 74. | N T Rama Rao | |
| 1994 | Tenth Assembly | N T Rama Rao (3) Nara Chandrababu Naidu |
Telugu Desam Party | Total: 294. TDP: 216, Congress: 26, CPI: 19, CPM: 15, BJP: 3 | P. Janardhan Reddy | |
| 1999 | Eleventh Assembly | Nara Chandrababu Naidu (2) | (Telugu Desam Party) | Total: 294. TDP+BJP: 180+10 = 190, Congress: 91 | Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy | |
| 2004 | Twelfth Assembly | Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy | Congress | Total: 294. Congress: 185, TDP: 47, TRS: 26, CPM:9, CPI:6, MIM:4,BJP:2, BSP:1 | Nara Chandrababu Naidu | |
| 2009 | Thirteenth Assembly | Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy (2) Konijeti Rosaiah Kiran Kumar Reddy |
Congress | Total: 294. Congress: 156. TDP: 92, Praja Rajyam Party: 18, TRS: 10. | Nara Chandrababu Naidu | |
In 2014, Andhra Pradesh (Total 294) was bifurcated into Telangana (119) and Andhra Pradesh (175) states.
See : Information about Elections in Telangana
| Year | Election | Chief Minister | Party | Party-wise seats details | Opposition Leader | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2014 | Fourteenth Assembly | Nara Chandrababu Naidu | TDP | Total: 175. TDP: 102. BJP:4 ; YSR Congress: 67 |
Y S Jagan Mohan Reddy | |
| 2019 | Fifteenth Assembly | Y S Jagan Mohan Reddy | YSRCP | Total: 175. YSR Congress:151, TDP: 23, JSP:1. |
Nara Chandrababu Naidu | |
History of political parties[edit]
The Indian National Congress (INC) won a majority of seats at the state level continuously from the formation of the state until 1983 when the Telugu Desam Party (TDP) was formed by Actor N.T.Rama Rao, the first non-Congress government in the state. From 1984 to 2004, the politics of the state was essentially a two party system. The INC regained the state from 1989 to 1994.
The TDP formed the state government from 1995 to 2004. In 2004, the INC formed the government again.[3] This government also completed its second term having won the Assembly elections in 2009. The Praja Rajyam Party (PRP) was formed in 2008 by Telugu Film Actor Chiranjeevi; that party won the third largest number of seats in the 2009 state assembly elections and then merged into congress. After the death of the chief minister Y. S. Rajashekar Reddy his son Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy came into the lime light. He has resigned from congress after disputes with congress leadership at center. The TDP forms the principal opposition party in the state assembly during this time.
The state had an ongoing sub-regionalist Telangana movement with the Telangana Rashtra Samithi (TRS) being formed in 2001 on this platform. And under the leadership of K Chandrashekar Rao separate state of Telangana was carved out of Andhra Pradesh. Then during next elections TDP had emerged with highest number of seats after fighting the elections with BJP and Pawan Kalyan who was entering politics during that time. Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy has formed a new party after resigning from congress named Y. S. R Congress party which was the main opposition from 2014–2019. During this period JanaSena the party of Pawan Kalyan cut ties with TDP due to conflict on special status of Andhra Pradesh which was one of the commitments during the states bifurcation in 2014. Also TDP cut ties with BJP in 2019 for the same reason.
During 2019 Assembly and Lok Sabha elections YSR congress party won with a landslide victory in both elections. Currently TDP is in opposition in the state assembly. JanaSena getting third highest percentage of votes and both BJP and Congress became small parties in Andhra Pradesh
Election Commission[edit]
Elections in Andhra Pradesh are conducted by the Election Commission of India whose state level head is the Chief Election Commissioner of Andhra Pradesh, the authority created under the Constitution. It is a well established convention that once the election process commences, no courts intervene until the results are declared by the election commission. During the elections, vast powers are assigned to the election commission to the extent that it can function as a civil court, if needed.
Electoral process[edit]
The latest election in Andhra Pradesh were conducted in two phases.[4] All citizens of India above 18 years of age are eligible to enrol as voters in the electoral rolls. It is the responsibility of the eligible voters to enrol. Normally, voter registrations are allowed at latest one week prior to the last date for nomination of candidates.
Pre elections[edit]
The Election Commission's Model Code of Conduct enters into force as soon as the notification for polls is issued. This places restrictions on the campaigning by political parties as well as prohibits certain government actions that would unduly influence the election.
Voting day[edit]
The electoral process is the same as in the rest of India with Electronic Voting Machines being used for all Lok Sabha and State Assembly elections.
Post elections[edit]
After the election day, the EVMs are stood stored in a strong room under heavy security. After the different phases of the elections are complete, a day is set to count the votes. The votes are tallied and typically, the verdict is known within hours. The candidate who has mustered the most votes is declared the winner of the constituency.
The party or coalition that has won the most seats is invited by the Governor to form the new government. The coalition or party must prove its majority in the floor of the house (Legislative Assembly) in a vote of confidence by obtaining a simple majority (minimum 50%) of the votes in the House.
Absentee voting[edit]
As of now, India does not have an absentee ballot system. Section 19 of The Representation of the People Act (RPA)-1950[5] allows a person to register to vote if he or she is above 18 years of age and is an 'ordinary resident' of the residing constituency i.e. living at the current address for 6 months or longer. Section 20 of the above Act disqualifies a non-resident Indian (NRI) from getting his/her name registered in the electoral rolls. Consequently, it also prevents an NRI from casting his/her vote in elections to the Parliament and to the State Legislatures.
The Representation of the People (Amendment) 2006 Bill was introduced in the Parliament by Shri Hanraj Bharadwaj, Minister of Law and Justice during February 2006 with an objective to amend Section 20 of the RPA-1950 to enable NRIs to vote. Despite the report submitted by the Parliamentary Standing Committee two years ago, the Government has so far failed to act on the recommendations. The Bill was reintroduced in the 2008 budget session of the Parliament to the Lok Sabha. But no action taken once again.
Several civic society organisations have urged the government to amend the RPA act to allow NRI's and people on the move to cast their vote through absentee ballot system.[6][7]
Further reading[edit]
- Subrata K. Mitra and V. B. Singh. 1999. Democracy and Social Change in India: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the National Electorate. New Delhi: Sage Publications. ISBN 81-7036-809-X (India HB) ISBN 0-7619-9344-4 (U.S. HB).
- Subrata K. Mitra, Mike Enskat, Clemens Spiess (eds.). 2004. Political Parties in South Asia. Greenwood: Praeger.
- Subrata K. Mitra/Mike Enskat/V. B. Singh. 2001. India, in: Nohlen, Dieter (Ed.). Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook. Vol. I. Oxford: Oxford University Press
See also[edit]
- List of Assembly constituencies of Andhra Pradesh
- List of Lok Sabha Constituencies
- Elections in India
- 49-O Popularly known as 'No Vote'
- List Of All 175 MLA Candidates Who’ve Won In Andhra Pradesh State Assembly Elections 2019
- List of chairpersons of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Council
References[edit]
- ↑ "MP (Lok Sabha)". Official portal of Andhra Pradesh Government. Archived from the original on 21 November 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2014.
- ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 4 September 2005. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 16 April 2009. Retrieved 16 April 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ↑ http://eci.nic.in/notification/notification.asp
- ↑ Representation of the People Act-1950 Archived 26 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Petition for Absentee Voting in Indian Elections Archived 16 April 2009 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Non-Resident Indians Voting rights in the upcoming general elections
External links[edit]
- Andhra Pradesh State Election Commission
- Election Commission of India
- Assembly Elections
- Elections in India History and information
- News Related to 2009 Elections in India
- Social Media Conversations of Indian Elections 2009
- Andhra Pradesh Lok Sabha Election 2019
- AP Information in Telugu
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