List of Hindu empires and dynasties

From Bharatpedia, an open encyclopedia


Indian empires rose to power following the birth of Buddhism, Jainism and Hinduism in the Indian subcontinent. The period of the Gupta Empire under Samudragupta is sometimes attributed to as the Golden Age of India.[1]

List[edit]

The following list enumerates Hindu empires and dynasties in chronological order.

Empire Established Disestablished Capital(s) Language(s) Today part of Map
Gopala Dynasty 1400 BCE 841 BCE Pashupatinath Temple, Gaushala, Kathmandu Sanskrit    Nepal
Pundravardhana Kingdom 1280 BCE 345 BCE Mahasthangarh Pali, Sanskrit  Bangladesh
 India
Ancient Political Divisions.jpg
Kuru Kingdom 1200 BCE 345 BCE Āsandīvat, Hastinapura, Indraprastha Sanskrit  India
Anga Kingdom 1100 BCE 525 BCE Champa Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
Vidarbha Kingdom 1100 BCE 500 BCE Kaundinyapur Sanskrit  India
Khasa Kingdom 1100 BCE 500 BCE Kedarnath ('Kedare-Khasa-Mandale') Sanskrit, Prakrit, Khas language    Nepal
 India
Panchala Kingdom 1100 BCE 350 CE Ahichatra, Kampila Sanskrit  India
   Nepal
Mahisapala dynasty 841 BCE 679 BCE Kathmandu Sanskrit    Nepal
 India
Gandhara Kingdom 800 BCE 535 BCE Puṣkalavati, Taxila, Purushapura Sanskrit  Afghanistan
 Pakistan
Gandhara.JPG
Kirata Kingdom 700 BCE 300 CE Yalung, Thankot Kiranti languages, Sanskrit, Pali Prakrit    Nepal
 Tibet
 Bhutan
 China
 Pakistan
Kingdom of Kosala 700 BCE 345 BCE Shravasti, Ayodhya Sanskrit  India
   Nepal
Vajjika League c. 6th century BCE c. 468 BCE Vaishali Sanskrit  India
   Nepal
Malla Kusinārā, Pāvā c. 7th century c. 4th century BCE Prakrit  India
   Nepal
Matsya Kingdom 700 BCE 345 BCE ViratNagar Sanskrit  India
Surasena Kingdom 700 BCE 345 BCE Mathura Sanskrit  India
Avanti Kingdom 700 BCE 300 BCE Ujjayini Sanskrit  India
Asmaka Kingdom 700 BCE 300 BCE Potali Sanskrit  India
Kingdom of Vatsa 700 BCE 345 BCE Kauśāmbī Sanskrit  India
Shakya 700 BCE 345 BCE Kapilavastu Tilaurakot, Nepal Sanskrit, Pali    Nepal
 India
Kingdom of Kashi 700 BCE 345 BCE Banaras Sanskrit  India
Chedi Kingdom 700 BCE 345 BCE Suktimati Sanskrit  India
Heheya Kingdom Mahishmati Sanskrit  India
Pradyota dynasty 682 BCE 544 BCE Rajagriha Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
   Nepal
Haryanka Dynasty 554 BCE 413 BCE Rajagriha, Pataliputra Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
   Nepal
Magadha Expansion (6th-4th centuries BCE).png
Kingdom of Tambapanni 543 BCE 505 BCE Tambapanni Sinhalese, Sanskrit  Sri Lanka
Kingdom of Upatissa Nuwara 505 BCE 377 BCE Upatissa Nuwara Sinhalese, Sanskrit  Sri Lanka
Ror dynasty 450 BCE 489 CE Rori Sanskrit  Pakistan
Shishunaga Empire 413 BCE 345 BCE Rajgir, Vaishali, Pataliputra Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
   Nepal
Paurava dynasty[2] 400 BCE 301 BCE Punjab Sanskrit  India
 Pakistan
Anuradhapura Kingdom 377 BCE 1017 Anuradhapura Sinhalese, Tamil, Sanskrit  Sri Lanka
Anuradhapura Kingdom Infinity Resolution.svg
Malava Empire 350 BCE 650 CE Vidisha Sanskrit  India
Nanda Empire 345 BCE 322 BCE Pataliputra Magadhi Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
 Bangladesh
   Nepal
 Pakistan
Nanda Empire.gif
Mauryan Empire 322 BCE 184 BCE Pataliputra Magadhi Prakrit, Sanskrit  India


 Myanmar

 Afghanistan

 Bangladesh

 Iran

 Tajikistan


   Nepal

 Bhutan

 Pakistan


Maurya empire in 265 BCE.jpg
Chera Dynasty 300 BCE 1102 CE Karur, Kodungallur, Kollam Sanskrit, Tamil  India
Chola Empire 300 BCE 1279 CE Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Pazhaiyaarai Sanskrit, Tamil  India
 Sri Lanka
Pandyan Empire 300 BCE 1345 CE Korkai, Madurai, Tirunelveli, Vizhinjam Tamil, Sanskrit  India
 Sri Lanka
Pandya Kingdom (south India).png
Gangaridai Kingdom 300 BCE 200 CE - -  Bangladesh
 Bhutan
 India
Ptolemy Asia detail.jpg
Mahameghavahana dynasty 225 BCE 300 CE Kalinga Sanskrit  India
Kuninda Kingdom 2nd century BCE 3rd century CE southern areas of modern Himachal Pradesh Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
Shunga Empire 185 BCE 75 BCE Pataliputra, Vidisha Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
 Bangladesh
   Nepal
 Bhutan
Sunga-Border.jpg
Kingdom of Samatata 180 BCE 335 - -  Bangladesh
 India
Deva Dynasty of Saketa 150 BCE 10 BCE Ayodhya Sanskrit  India
Satavahana Empire 100 BCE 225 CE Pratishthana, Amaravati Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
SatavahanaMap.jpg
Kanva Dynasty 75 BCE 30 BCE Pataliputra or Vidisha Sanskrit  India
Northern Satrap Dynasty 60 BCE 150 CE Sagala, Mathura Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
 Pakistan
Map of the Northern Satraps.jpg
Chutu dynasty 30 BCE 280 CE Banavasi Prakrit  India
Suren Kingdom 19 CE 225 CE Taxila, Kabul Pali, Parthian, Sanskrit, Greek  Afghanistan
 Pakistan

 India

IndoParthianKingdom.svg
Kshaharata Empire 35 CE 405 CE Ujjain, Barygaza Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
 Pakistan
WKshatrapas.jpg
Funan Empire 50 CE 550 CE Vyadhapura Khmer, Sanskrit  Laos
 Cambodia
 Thailand
 Vietnam
 Myanmar
FunanMap001.jpg
Nagvanshi Dynasty 64 CE 1952 CE Khukhragarh, Navratangarh Prakrit, Nagpuri  India
Parataraja Kingdom 125 CE 300 CE Balochistan Pali, Prakrit, Sanskrit, Scythian  Pakistan
 Afghanistan
Salakanagara Kingdom 130 CE 362 CE - Sanskrit  Indonesia
Langkasuka Kingdom 150 CE 1475 CE - Malay  Malaysia
 Thailand
Kingdom of Gangga Negara 150 CE 1025 CE Beruas Malay  Malaysia
Kingdom of Champa 192 CE 1832 CE Indrapura, Vijaya, Panduranga Chamic languages, Sanskrit  Vietnam
 Laos
 Cambodia
ChampaMap.png
Andhra Ikshvaku Dynasty 200 CE 275 CE - Prakrit, Sanskrit, Tamil  India
Abhira dynasty 203 CE 370 CE Anjaneri, Thalner, Prakashe, Bhamer, Asirgarh Ahirani,

Apabhraṃśa Sanskrit

 India
Bharashiva Dynasty 205 CE 335 CE Padmavati Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
Soma Dynasty 205 CE 305 CE Kathmandu Sanskrit    Nepal
Gupta Empire 240 CE 550 CE Pataliputra Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
 Bangladesh
 Pakistan
   Nepal
 Afghanistan
GuptaEmpire300-550.png
Kalabhra Empire 250 CE 600 CE Kaveripumpattinam, Madurai Prakrit,

Tamil, Sanskrit

 India
Kalabhras territories.png
Paurava Dynasty (reinstated)[3] c. 4th century CE c. 7th century CE Brahmapur Sanskrit  India
Pallava Empire 275 CE 897 CE Kanchipuram Tamil, Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
Pallava territories.png
Licchavi dynasty 305 CE 1200 CE Kathmandu Bajjika, Sanskrit    Nepal
 India
 Bhutan
Kataha 330 CE 1136 CE Kataha Old Malay, Sanskrit  Malaysia
Kadamba Empire 345 CE 525 CE Banavasi Kannada, Sanskrit  India
Kadamba Empire.png
Aulikara Dynasty 350 CE 550 CE Mandsaur Sanskrit  India
Western Ganga Dynasty 350 CE 575 CE Talakadu, Kolar Kannada, Sanskrit  India
Western-ganga-empire-map.svg
Kamarupa Kingdom 350 CE 1140 CE Pragjyotishpura, Haruppeswara, Durjaya Assamese, Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
 Bhutan
 Bangladesh
 Myanmar
Kamarupa map.png
Tarumanagara Kingdom 358 CE 669 CE Sundapura Sundanese, Sanskrit  Indonesia
Tarumanagara-pt.svg
Kutai Martadipura 399 CE 1635 CE Muara Kaman Sanskrit, probably old version of Kutainese language  Indonesia
Vishnukundina Dynasty 420 CE 624 CE Nalgonda, Eluru, Amaravati Sanskrit, Prakrit  India
Sharabhapuriya Dynasty 465 CE 590 CE Sharabhapura Sanskrit  India
Maitraka Dynasty 475 CE 776 CE Vallabhi Apabhramsa, Prakrit, Sanskrit, Sauraseni  India
Pushyabhuti Dynasty 500 647 Sthanvishvara, Kanyakubja Sanskrit  India
 Bangladesh
   Nepal
 Bhutan
 Pakistan
Harshabysumchung.jpg
Nala Kingdom 515 585 Pushkari Sanskrit  India
Rai Dynasty 524 632 Aror Sanskrit  Pakistan
Chalukya Dynasty 543 753 Badami Kannada, Sanskrit  India
Chalukya Empire.png
Kalachuri Dynasty 550 620 Mahishmati Sanskrit  India
Chenla Empire 550 802 Shrestapura, Bhavapura, Isanapura, Shambhupura Khmer, Sanskrit  Cambodia
 Thailand
 Laos
 Vietnam
Chen-La locator.png
Chahamana Dynasty 550 1194 Shakambhari Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
Maukhari Dynasty 550 800 Kannauj Sanskrit  India
Kalingga Kingdom 550 650 - Old Javanese, Sanskrit  Indonesia
Kalingga Kingdom es.svg
Gauda Kingdom 590 626 Karnasuvarna -  India
 Bangladesh
Panduvamshi Dynasty 600 790 Shripura Sanskrit  India
Eastern Chalukya Empire 624 1189 Vengi, Rajahmundry Sanskrit, Telugu  India
Karkota Empire 625 885 Srinagar, Parihaspore Sanskrit  India
 Pakistan
 Afghanistan
 Bangladesh
Karkota Empire, India (derived).jpg
Brahman Dynasty of Sindh 632 724 - Sanskrit  India

 Pakistan

Sindh 700ad.jpg
Srivijaya Empire 650 1377 Palembang, Chaiya, Jambi Old Malay, Sanskrit  Indonesia
 Malaysia
 Singapore
 Thailand
 Cambodia
 Philippines
 Vietnam
 Brunei
 Taiwan
Srivijaya Empire.svg
Shailendra Dynasty 650 1025 Kedu Plain Old Javanese, Sanskrit  Indonesia
Galuh Kingdom 669 1482 Kawali Sundanese, Sanskrit  Indonesia
Galuh Kingdom.png
Sunda Kingdom 669 1579 Kawali, Pakuan Pajajaran Sundanese, Sanskrit  Indonesia
Sunda Kingdom su.svg
Kalachuri Tripuri Dynasty 675 1212 Tripuri Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
Garhwal Kingdom 688 CE 1949 CE Srinagar, Uttarakhand
Tehri
Narendranagar
Garhwali, Jaunsari, Sanskrit  India
Tehri Garhwal zoomed in.jpg
Chavda Dynasty 690 942 Panchasar, Aṇahilaváḍa Prakrit  India
Mallabhum Kingdom 694 1800 Laugram, Pradyumnapur, Bishnupur Sanskrit, Prakrit  India
 Bangladesh
Katyuri kings (Karttikeyapur) 700 CE 1065 CE Joshimath later shifted to Baijnath, Uttarakhand Khas, Sanskrit, Prakrit  India
   Nepal
Chand kings 700 CE 1790 CE Champawat Kumaoni, Dotyali, Nepali  India
   Nepal
 Tibet
NWIndia 1765 imperial gazeteer.JPG
Limbuwan 7th Century CE 1774 Morang, Bijaypur Limbu, Lepcha    Nepal
 India
 Bhutan
Gurjara-Pratihara Dynasty 730 1036 Kannauj Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
   Nepal

 Afghanistan
 Pakistan

Mataram Kingdom 732 1006 Mamratipura Old Javanese, Sanskrit  Indonesia
Medang Kingdom-pt.svg
Saindhava Dynasty 735 920 Bhutamabilika Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
Tomara Dynasty 736 1151 Delhi Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
Pala Empire 750 1199 Bikrampur, Pataliputra, Gauda, Monghyr, Somapura, Mahipal, Ramavati Prakrit, Sanskrit  Bangladesh
 India
   Nepal
 Pakistan
Haripunjaya Kingdom 750 1292 Lamphun Thai  Thailand
Haripunjaya Kingdom.png
Rashtrakuta Empire 753 982 Manyakheta Kannada, Sanskrit  India
Indian Rashtrakuta Empire map.svg
Khmer Empire 802 1431 Mahendraparvata, Hariharalaya, Koh Ker, Yasodharapura Khmer, Sanskrit  Cambodia
 Laos
 Myanmar
 Thailand
 Vietnam
Carte Empire-Khmer.png
Chudasama Dynasty 825 1472 Vamanasthali, Junagadh Old Gujarati, Prakrit  India
Later Chola Empire 848 1279 Pazhaiyaarai, Thanjavur, Gangaikonda Cholapuram Tamil, Sanskrit  India
 Bangladesh
 Sri Lanka
 Maldives
 Indonesia
 Singapore
 Malaysia
 Thailand
 Myanmar
Chola empire.png
Somavamshi Dynasty 850 1150 Yayatinagara Sanskrit  India
Yadava Dynasty 850 1334 Devagiri Kannada, Marathi, Sanskrit  India
Utpala Dynasty 855 1003 Avantipur Sanskrit  India
 Afghanistan
 Pakistan
Hindu Shahi Dynasty 879 1026 Kabul Sanskrit  Pakistan
 Afghanistan
 India
Hindu Shahi Dynasty.png
Paramara Dynasty 900 1305 Dhar Prakrit, Sanskrit  India
Bali Kingdom 914 1908 Bedulu, Samprangan, Gelgel, Klungkung Kawi, Balinese  Indonesia
Bali Kingdom Gelgel.svg
Pagan Empire 940 1297 Pagan Burmese, Mon, Pyu  Myanmar
Pagan Empire -- Sithu II.PNG
Khasa Malla kingdom 954 1450 Sinja Valley, Nepal Khas, Sanskrit, Kumaoni, Dotyali    Nepal
 India
 Tibet
Khas or pre-gorkha kingdom.jpg
Western Chalukya Empire 973 1189 Manyakheta, Basavakalyan Kannada, Sanskrit  India
Western Chalukya Empire.png
Rajahnate of Butuan 1001 1756 Butuan Butuanon, Old Malay  Philippines
Lohara Dynasty 1003 1320 Srinagar Sanskrit  India
 Afghanistan
 Pakistan
Kingdom of Polonnaruwa 1017 1310 Polonnaruwa Pali, Sanskrit  India
Kahuripan Kingdom 1019 1045 Kahuripan Old Javanese, Sanskrit  Indonesia
Kediri Kingdom id.svg
Hoysala Empire 1026 1343 Halebidu, Belur Kannada, Sanskrit  India
Hoysala Empire Map.png
Janggala Kingdom 1045 1136 Hujung Galuh Old Javanese, Sanskrit  Indonesia
Kediri Kingdom 1045 1221 Kadiri Old Javanese, Sanskrit  Indonesia
Kediri Kingdom id.svg
Sena Dynasty 1070 1230 Nabadwip Sanskrit  Bangladesh
 India
Eastern Ganga Empire 1078 1434 Dantapura, Kalinganagara, Kataka Sanskrit  India
Gahadavala Dynasty 1080 1194 Varanasi, Kanyakubja Sanskrit  India
Karnat Dynasty 1097 1324 Simraungadh Maithili, Sanskrit    Nepal
 India
Chero dynasty 12th CE 18th CE Bhojpuri, Nagpuri  India
Sambhuvaraya Dynasty 1150 1375 Rajagambhiram, Padaveedu Sanskrit, Tamil  India
Vanni Nadu Dynasty 1150 1803 Vanni Tamil, Sanskrit  Sri Lanka
Deva Dynasty 1156 1250 Bikrampur Bengali, Sanskrit  Bangladesh
 India
Kakatiya Dynasty 1163 1323 Orugallu Sanskrit, Telugu  India
Khen Dynasty 1185 1498 Kamarupanagara, Kamatapura Assamese, Kamtapuri  India
 Myanmar
Sutiya Kingdom 1187 1673 Swarnagiri, Ratnapur, Sadiya Assamese, Sanskrit  India
Sutiya Kingdom Map.jpg
Malla Dynasty 1200 1768 Bhaktapur, Kathmandu, Patan, Nepal Newari,

Nepali, Sanskrit, Maithili

   Nepal
Doti Rainka kingdom 13th century 1790 Dipayal Silgadhi, Nepal Dotyali, Khas, Sanskrit, Kumaoni    Nepal
 India
 Tibet
Jaffna Kingdom 1215 1624 Nallur Tamil, Sanskrit  Sri Lanka
Jaffna Kingdom 2.svg
Singhasari Kingdom 1222 1292 Tumapel Old Javanese, Sanskrit  Indonesia
Singhasari Kingdom en.svg
Ahom Kingdom 1228 1826 Charaideo, Garhgaon, Rangpur, Jorhat Assamese, Tai-Ahom  India
 Myanmar
Ahom-kingdom-c1826p.png
Sambhuvaraya Dynasty 1236 1375 Rajagambhiram, Padaveedu Tamil, Sanskrit  India
Yajvapala Dynasty 1237 1289 Nalapura -  India
Vaghela Dynasty 1244 1304 Dholka Apabhramsa, Old Gujarati, Prakrit  India
Rajahnate of Cebu 1250 1565 Singhapala Cebuano, Old Malay, Middle Tamil  Philippines
Sugbumap.png
Majapahit Empire 1293 1527 Majapahit, Wilwatikta Old Javanese, Sanskrit  Indonesia
 Malaysia
 Singapore
 Brunei
 Thailand
Template:Country data Timor Leste
 Philippines
 Australia
Majapahit Empire id.svg
Sena Dynasty (Nepal) 13th Century CE 18th Century CE Makwanpurgadhi, Chaudandi, Palpa Nepali, Maithili Language, Khas, Bengali, Sanskrit    Nepal
 India
Reddy Dynasty 1325 1448 Addanki, Kondavidu, Rajahmundry Telugu, Sanskrit  India
Musunuri Nayakas 1150 1369 Warangal Telugu, Sanskrit  India
Vijayanagara Empire 1336 1646 Vijayanagara, Penukonda, Chandragiri Kannada, Sanskrit, Telugu  India
Vijayanagara Empire.png
Oiniwar Dynasty 1353 1526 Madhubani Maithili language  India
Kallala dynasty 1404 1789 Sinja Valley Khas language, Nepali, Sanskrit    Nepal
 India
Gajapati Kingdom 1434 1541 Cuttack Odia  India
Bhoi dynasty 1541 1947 Cuttack, Puri, Khurda Odia  India
Koch Dynasty 1515 1949 Chikana, Kamatapur Kamtapuri, Assamese, Bengali, Sanskrit  India
Koch Bihar Sketch Map.jpg
Madurai Nayak Dynasty 1529 1736 Madurai, Tiruchirapalli Tamil, Sanskrit  India
Madurai Nayak Kingdom.jpg
Thanjavur Nayak Kingdom 1532 1673 Thanjavur Tamil, Sanskrit  India
Tanjore Nayak Kingdom.jpg
Gorkha Kingdom 1559 1768 Gorkha Darbar Nepali    Nepal
Raj Darbhanga 1577 1947 Darbhanga Maithili  India
Maratha Empire 1674 1818 Raigad, Gingee, Satara, Pune Marathi, Sanskrit  India
 Pakistan
Maratha Empire
Pudukkottai Kingdom 1680 1800 Pudukkottai Tamil, Sanskrit  India
Sivaganga Kingdom 1725 1733 Sivaganga Tamil  India
Kingdom of Nepal 1768 2008 Kathmandu Nepali, Sanskrit    Nepal
 India
 China
 Bangladesh
Dogra Dynasty 1846 1952 Jammu Dogri  India
 Pakistan
 China

Note: Kingdoms that acted as princely states to the British Empire are not mentioned except for the time period when they exercised sovereign control.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. Gupta, Soumyabrata (2018-06-13). "Retelling history: Walking with the warrior-king Samudragupta". Deccan Chronicle. Retrieved 2019-01-16.
  2. "Porus | Indian prince". Encyclopedia Britannica.
  3. Saklani, Dinesh Prasad (1998). Ancient Communities of the Himalaya. ISBN 9788173870903.
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