Timeline of the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

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Animated map of the invasion

In February 2022, Russia invaded Ukraine. This is list of key events in that conflict.

This timeline is a dynamic and fluid list, and as such may never satisfy criteria of completeness. Furthermore, please note that some events may only be fully understood and/or discovered in retrospect.

Background[edit]

Main article: 2021–2022 Russo-Ukrainian crisis

On 24 February, Russia launched a comprehensive invasion of Ukraine, marking a major escalation of the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War. The campaign had been preceded by a prolonged Russian military buildup (since early 2021), as well as numerous Russian demands for security measures and legal prohibitions against Ukraine joining NATO.[1]

Lead up[edit]

On 10 November 2021, the United States reports unusual movement of Russian troops near the borders of Ukraine. [2] By 28 November, Ukraine reports a build up of 92,000 Russian troops. On 7 December, US president Joe Biden warns Putin of "strong economic and other measures" if Russia attacks Ukraine. On 17 December, Putin proposes limits on NATO's activities in eastern Europe, such as a prohibition on Ukraine ever joining NATO, which are rejected. On 17 January 2020, Russian troops begin arriving in Russia's ally Belarus. On 19 January, the US gives Ukraine $200 million in security aid. On 24 January, puts troops on standby. On 25, January, Russian exercises involving 6,000 troops and 60 jets take place in Russia near Ukraine, and Crimea. Fighting excalates in separatist regions of eastern Ukraine.

Timeline[edit]

See also: List of military engagements during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine and 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine

22 February[edit]

Russian president Vladimir Putin announced that Russia recognizes the independence of two pro-Russian breakaway regions in eastern Ukraine. This leads to a first round of economic sanctions from NATO countries.

24 February[edit]

Structure in Kyiv hit by a missile fragment, 24 February

Shortly before 06:00 Moscow Time (UTC+3) on 24 February, Putin announced that he had made the decision to launch a "special military operation" in eastern Ukraine.[3][4][5][6] In his address, Putin claimed there were no plans to occupy Ukrainian territory and that he supported the right of the peoples of Ukraine to self-determination.[4] Putin also stated that Russia sought the "demilitarisation and denazification" of Ukraine and urged the Ukrainian military to lay down their arms and go to their homes.[7][8][9] He said that "all responsibility for possible bloodshed will be entirely on the conscience of the regime ruling on the territory of Ukraine."[3] Putin's claims that neo-Nazis were in control of Ukraine's government were again widely rejected as baseless,[10][11][12] and condemned by the US Holocaust Memorial Museum.[13] In light of a request by the Russian Ministry of Defence asking air traffic control units of Ukraine to stop flights, airspace over Ukraine was restricted to non-civilian air traffic, with the whole area being deemed an active conflict zone by the European Union Aviation Safety Agency.[14]

Within minutes of Putin's announcement, explosions were reported in Kyiv, Kharkiv, Odessa, and the Donbas.[15] Ukrainian officials said that Russia had landed troops in Mariupol and Odessa and launched cruise and ballistic missiles at airfields, military headquarters, and military depots in Kyiv, Kharkiv, and Dnipro.[16][17][18] Military vehicles entered Ukraine through Senkivka, at the point where Ukraine meets Belarus and Russia, at around 6:48 am local time.[19] A video captured Russian troops entering Ukraine from Russian-annexed Crimea.[20][21] The Kremlin planned to initially target artillery and missiles at command and control centres and then send fighter jets and helicopters to quickly gain air superiority.[22] The Center for Naval Analyses said that Russia would create a pincer movement to encircle Kyiv and envelop Ukraine's forces in the east, with the Center for Strategic and International Studies identifying three axes of advance: from Belarus in the north, from Donetsk, and from Crimea in the south.[22] The US said it believed that Russia intended to "decapitate" Ukraine's government and install their own,[23] with US intelligence officials believing that Kyiv would fall within 96 hours given circumstances on the ground.[24]

According to Ukrainian Minister of State Anton Herashchenko, just after 06:30 UTC+2, Russian forces were invading via land near the city of Kharkiv[25] and large-scale amphibious landings were reported in the city of Mariupol.[26][27][28] At 07:40, the BBC cited other sources in saying that troops were also entering the country from Belarusian territory.[29] The Ukrainian Border Force reported attacks on sites in Luhansk, Sumy, Kharkiv, Chernihiv and Zhytomyr, as well as from Crimea.[30] The Russian Ministry of Defence claimed no resistance by Ukrainian border forces.[31] The Ukrainian interior ministry reported that Russian forces captured the villages of Horodyshche and Milove in Luhansk.[28] The Ukrainian Centre for Strategic Communication reported that the Ukrainian army repelled an attack near Shchastia (near Luhansk) and retook control of the town, claiming nearly 50 casualties from the Russian side.[32]

After being offline for an hour, the Ukrainian Defence Ministry's website was restored, and declared that it had shot down five planes and one helicopter in Luhansk.[33] Shortly before 07:00 (UTC+2), Zelenskyy announced the introduction of martial law in Ukraine.[34] Later, he ordered the Ukrainian Army to "inflict maximum losses" to the invaders.[35] Zelenskyy also announced that Russia–Ukraine relations were being severed, effective immediately.[36] Later in the day, he announced general mobilisation.[37] Russian missiles targeted Ukrainian infrastructure, including Boryspil International Airport, Ukraine's largest airport, 29 km (18 mi) east of Kyiv.[38] Ukraine closed its air space for civilian flights.[39]

A military unit in Podilsk was attacked by Russian forces, resulting in six deaths and seven wounded. Nineteen more people were also reported missing.[40] Another person was killed in the city of Mariupol. A house in Chuhuiv was damaged by Russian artillery; its occupants were injured and one boy died.[41][42] Eighteen people were killed by Russian bombing in the village of Lipetske [uk] in Odesa Oblast.[42]

Scenes in eastern Ukraine during the invasion

At 10:00 (UTC+2), it was reported during the briefing of the Ukrainian presidential administration that Russian troops had invaded Ukraine from the north (up to 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) south of the border). Russian troops were said to be active in Kharkiv Oblast, in Chernihiv Oblast, and near Sumy.[43] Zelenskyy's press service also reported that Ukraine had repulsed an attack in Volyn Oblast.[44] At 10:30 (UTC+2), the Ukrainian Defence Ministry reported that Russian troops in Chernihiv Oblast had been stopped, a major battle near Kharkiv was in progress, and Mariupol and Shchastia had been fully reclaimed.[45] The Ukrainian military claimed that six Russian planes, two helicopters, and dozens of armoured vehicles were destroyed.[45] Russia denied having lost any aircraft or armoured vehicles.[46] Ukrainian commander-in-chief Valerii Zaluzhnyi published photos of two captured Russian soldiers saying they were from the Russian 423rd Guards Yampolsky Motor Rifle Regiment (military unit 91701).[47] Russia's 74th Guards Motor Rifle Brigade recon platoon surrendered[16] near Chernihiv.[48]

In the Battle of Antonov Airport, Russian airborne troops seized the Hostomel Airport in Hostomel, a suburb of Kyiv, after being transported by helicopters early in the morning; a Ukrainian counteroffensive to recapture the airport was launched later in the day.[49][50] The Rapid Response Brigade of the Ukrainian National Guard stated that it had fought at the airfield, shooting down three of 34 Russian helicopters.[51]

Belarus allowed Russian troops to invade Ukraine from the north. At 11:00 (UTC+2), Ukrainian border guards reported a border breach in Vilcha (Kyiv Oblast), and border guards in Zhytomyr Oblast were bombarded by Russian rocket launchers (presumably BM-21 Grad).[42] A helicopter without markings reportedly bombed Slavutych border guards position from Belarus.[52] At 11:30 (UTC+2), a second wave of Russian missile bombings targeted the cities of Kyiv, Odessa, Kharkiv, and Lviv. Heavy ground fighting was reported in the Donetsk and Luhansk Oblasts.[53] Civil rights activists in Poland reported an increase in the crossing of migrants from Belarus to Poland.[54] Belarus is considered by observers to be taking orders from Russia and using migrants at the Polish-Belarus border as a weapon (see also 2021–2022 Belarus–European Union border crisis).[55] By 12:04 (UTC+2), Russian troops advancing from Crimea moved towards the city of Nova Kakhovka in Kherson Oblast.[56] Later that day, Russian troops entered the city of Kherson and took control of the North Crimean Canal, which would allow them to resume water supplies for the peninsula.[57][58]

File:Battle of Konotop 06.jpg
A destroyed APC from the Battle of Konotop

At 13:00 and 13:19 (UTC+2), Ukrainian border guards and Armed Forces reported two new clashes—near Sumy ("in the direction of Konotop") and Starobilsk (Luhansk Oblast).[42] At 13:32 (UTC+2), Valerii Zaluzhnyi reported four ballistic missiles launched from the territory of Belarus in the southwestern direction.[42] Several stations of Kyiv Metro and Kharkiv Metro were used as bomb shelters for the local population.[42] A local hospital in Vuhledar (Donetsk Oblast) was reported to have been bombed with four civilians dead and 10 wounded (including 6 physicians).[42] Ukrainian border guards reported that two Russian ships, Vasily Bykov (Project 22160 patrol ship) and Moskva, attacked and tried to capture the small Snake Island near the Danube Delta.[42]

At 16:00 (UTC+2), Zelenskyy said that fighting between Russian and Ukrainian forces had erupted in the ghost cities of Chernobyl and Pripyat.[59] By around 18:20 (UTC+2), the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant was under Russian control,[60][61][62] as were the surrounding areas.[63][64][65] According to the Verkhovna Rada deputy Maryana Bezuhla, Russian troops threatened to attack Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant.[66]

At 16:18 (UTC+2), Vitali Klitschko, the mayor of Kyiv, proclaimed a curfew lasting from 22:00 to 07:00.[67] Filippo Grandi, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, estimated that more than 100,000 Ukrainians suffered forced displacement, with thousands of these crossing into Moldova and Romania.[68] At 22:00 (UTC+2), the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine announced that Russian forces had captured Snake Island following a naval and air bombardment of the island.[69] All thirteen border guards on the island were assumed to have been killed in the bombardment, after refusing to surrender to a Russian warship; a recording of the guards refusing an offer to surrender went viral on social media. President Zelenskyy announced that the presumed-dead border guards would be posthumously granted the title of Hero of Ukraine, the country's highest honor.[70][71] Seventeen civilians were confirmed killed, including thirteen killed in Southern Ukraine,[72] three in Mariupol, and one in Kharkiv.[73] Zelenskyy stated that 137 Ukrainian citizens (both soldiers and civilians) died on the first day of the invasion.[68]

Shortly after 23:00 (UTC+2), President Zelenskyy ordered a general mobilisation of all Ukrainian males between 18 and 60 years old; for the same reason, Ukrainian males from that age group were banned from leaving Ukraine.[74]

25 February[edit]

See also: Battle of Kharkiv (2022), Battle of Kyiv (2022), Battle of Mariupol (2022), Battle of Starobilsk, Kherson offensive, Kyiv offensive (2022), and Millerovo air base attack
"Kyiv Tense as Russian Forces Advance", video news report from Voice of America

By 01:24 (UTC+2), Zelenskyy had ordered the full mobilisation of the Ukrainian military for 90 days.[75] Around 04:00 (UTC+2) local time, Kyiv was rocked with two explosions. Ukrainian Interior Ministry official Anton Herashchenko relayed via text message that those explosions were cruise and ballistic missiles being targeted at Kyiv.[76] The Ukrainian government said that it had shot down an enemy aircraft over Kyiv, which then crashed into a residential building, setting it on fire.[77] It was later confirmed that the aircraft was a Ukrainian Su-27.[78]

Independent military analysts noted that Russian forces in the north of the country appeared to have been heavily engaged by the Ukrainian military. Russian units were attempting to encircle Kyiv and advance into Kharkiv, but were bogged down in heavy fighting, with social media images suggesting that some Russian armoured columns had been ambushed. In contrast, Russian operations in the east and south were more effective. The best trained and equipped Russian units were positioned outside Donbas in the southeast and appeared to have maneuvered around the prepared defensive trenches and attacked in the rear of Ukrainian defensive positions. Meanwhile, Russian military forces advancing from Crimea were divided into two columns, with analysts suggesting that they may have been attempting to encircle and entrap the Ukrainian defenders at Donbas, forcing the Ukrainians to abandon their prepared defences and fight in the open.[79]

On the morning of 25 February, Zelenskyy accused Russia of targeting civilian as well as military sites in a televised address.[80] Ukrainian Interior Ministry representative Vadym Denysenko said that 33 civilian sites had been hit in the previous 24 hours.[81] Ukraine's Defence Ministry stated that Russian forces had entered the district of Obolon, Kyiv, and were approximately 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) from the Ukrainian Parliament.[70] The Defence Ministry also announced that all Ukrainian civilians were eligible to volunteer for military service regardless of their age.[16]

Apartment block in Kyiv (Oleksandr Koshyts Street) after shelling, 25 February

Ukrainian authorities reported that a non-critical increase in radiation exceeding control levels had been detected at Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant after Russian troops had occupied the area, saying that this was due to the movement of heavy military vehicles lifting radioactive dust into the air.[82][83] Russia claimed that it was defending the plant from nationalistic and terrorist groups, and that staff were monitoring radiation levels at the site.[70]

The mayor of Horlivka in the Russian-backed Donetsk People's Republic reported that a munition fired by the Ukrainian military hit a local school building, killing two teachers.[84]

Zelenskyy indicated that the Ukrainian government was not "afraid to talk about neutral status".[85] On the same day, President Putin indicated to Chinese president Xi Jinping that "Russia is willing to conduct high-level negotiations with Ukraine".[86]

As Russian troops approached Kyiv, Zelenskyy asked residents to prepare Molotov cocktails to "neutralise" the enemy. Putin meanwhile called on the Ukrainian military to overthrow the government.[87][88] Ukraine distributed 18,000 guns to Kyiv residents who expressed a willingness to fight and deployed the Territorial Defence Forces, the reserve component of the Ukrainian military, for the defence of Kyiv.[89] Some Russian forces had entered northern Kyiv, but had not progressed beyond that.[90] Russia's Spetsnaz troops infiltrated the city with the intention of "hunting" government officials.[91]

By the evening, The Pentagon stated that Russia had not established air supremacy of Ukrainian airspace, which US analysts had predicted would happen quickly after hostilities began. Ukrainian air defence capabilities had been degraded by Russian attacks, but remained operational. Military aircraft from both nations continued to fly over Ukraine.[92] The Pentagon also said that Russian troops were also not advancing as quickly as either US intelligence or Moscow believed they would, that Russia had not taken any population centres, and that Ukrainian command and control was still intact. The Pentagon warned, however, that Russia had sent into Ukraine only 30 percent of the 150,000–190,000 troops it had massed at the border.[93]

A Ukrainian missile attack was launched against the Millerovo air base in Russia.[94]

A Russian tank from a military column was filmed crushing a civilian car in northern Kyiv, veering across the road to crush it. The car driver, an elderly man, survived and was helped out by locals.[95][96][97]

26 February[edit]

See also: Battle of Kyiv (2022), Battle of Mykolaiv, Battle of Vasylkiv, Kherson offensive, and Kyiv offensive (2022)
Apartment block in Kyiv (Valeriy Lobanovskyi Avenue) struck by a missile, 26 February

At 00:00 UTC, heavy fighting was reported to the south of Kyiv, near the city of Vasylkiv and its air base.[98] The Ukrainian General Staff claimed that a Ukrainian Su-27 fighter had shot down a Russian Il-76 transport plane carrying paratroopers near the city.[99] Vasylkiv mayor Natalia Balasinovich said her city had been successfully defended by Ukrainian forces and the fighting was ending.[100]

Around 03:00, more than 48 explosions in 30 minutes were reported around Kyiv, as the Ukrainian military was reported to be fighting near the CHP-6 power station in the northern neighbourhood of Troieshchyna.[101] The BBC reported the attack may be an attempt to cut off electricity to the city. Heavy fighting was reported near the Kyiv Zoo and the Shuliavka neighbourhood. Early on 26 February, the Ukrainian military said it had repelled a Russian attack on an army base located on Peremohy Avenue, a main road in Kyiv;[102] it also claimed to have repelled a Russian assault on the city of Mykolaiv on the Black Sea.[103] American officials said a Russian Il-76 transport plane had been shot down by Ukrainian forces near Bila Tserkva, about fifty miles south of Kyiv.[104][105] President Zelenskyy remained in Kyiv, and CNN reported that he had refused US offers of evacuation, instead requesting more ammunition for Ukrainian troops.[106]

Apartment block in Kharkiv partially ruined by a missile, 26 February

Hundreds of casualties were reported during overnight fighting in Kyiv by the Associated Press, which said shelling had destroyed an apartment building, bridges, and schools.[104] The Russian defence ministry said it had captured Melitopol, near the Sea of Azov,[107] although British minister James Heappey questioned this claim.[108] At 11:00, the Ukrainian General Staff reported that its aircraft had conducted 34 sorties in the past 24 hours, indicating that Russia had continued to, unexpectedly, fail to gain air superiority.[109]

By the afternoon, most of the Russian forces that had amassed around Ukraine were fighting in the country. Mayor Klitschko of Kyiv imposed a curfew from 5 p.m. Saturday until 8 a.m. Monday, warning that anyone outside during that time would be considered enemy sabotage and reconnaissance groups.[110] Reuters reported that internet connections were disrupted in parts of Ukraine, particularly in the south and east.[111] In response to a request from the vice Prime Minister Mykhailo Fedorov, Elon Musk announced that he had turned on his Starlink service in Ukraine, with "more terminals en route".[112][113]

Ukrainian Interior Ministry representative Vadym Denysenko stated that Russian forces had advanced further towards Enerhodar and the Zaporizhia Nuclear Power Plant. He stated that they were deploying Grad missiles there and warned that they may attack the plant.[114] The Zaporizhia Regional State Administration stated that the Russian forces advancing on Enerhodar had later returned to Bolshaya Belozerka, a village located 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the city, on the same day.[115]

A Japanese-owned cargo ship, the MV Namura Queen with 20 crew members onboard was struck by a Russian missile in the Black Sea. A Moldovan ship, MV Millennial Spirit, was also shelled by a Russian warship, causing serious injuries.[116]

Ramzan Kadyrov, the head of the Chechen Republic, confirmed that the Kadyrovtsy, units loyal to the Chechen Republic, had been deployed into Ukraine as well.[117]

CNN obtained footage of a Russian TOS-1 system, which carries thermobaric weapons, near the Ukrainian border.[118] The Daily Telegraph reported that Western officials warned such weapons would cause indiscriminate violence.[119] The Russian military used these kind of weapons in the Chechnya war in the 1990s and other countries deployed them in military conflicts likewise.[120]

'Solemn Kyiv Copes with Bombs, Gunfire' - Video news report from Voice of America

A six-year-old boy was killed and multiple others were wounded when artillery fire hit the Okhmatdyt Children's Hospital in Kyiv.[121] The Ukrainian military claimed to have blown up a convoy of 56 tankers in Chernihiv Oblast carrying diesel for Russian forces.[122]

By the end of the day, Russian forces had failed in their attempts to encircle and isolate Kyiv, despite mechanised and airborne attacks.[123] The Ukrainian General Staff reported that Russia had committed its operational northern reserve of 17 battalion tactical groups (BTGs) after Ukrainian forces halted the advance of 14 BTGs to the north of Kyiv.[109] Russia temporarily abandoned attempts to seize Chernihiv and Kharkiv after attacks were repelled by determined Ukrainian resistance, and bypassed those cities to continue towards Kyiv.[123] The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) noted that Ukraine may soon be forced to decide between ceding much of the eastern part of the country, or withdrawing its forces in the Donbas in order to avoid encirclement. In the south, Russia took Berdyansk and threatened to encircle Mariupol.[109] The ISW also said that poor planning and execution was leading to morale and logistical issues for the Russian military in northern Ukraine.[123] US and British officials reported that Russian forces faced shortages of gasoline and diesel, leading to tanks and armoured vehicles stalling and slowing their advance.[124] Videos also emerged online of Russian tanks and armoured personnel carriers (APCs) stranded on the roadside.[125] Russia continued to not use its full arsenal; the ISW said this was likely to avoid the diplomatic and public relations consequences of mass civilian casualties, as well as to avoid creating rubble that would impede the advance of its own forces.[109]

27 February[edit]

Equipment of Russian sabotage and reconnaissance group captured in Odessa Oblast
See also: Battle of Kharkiv (2022), Battle of Kyiv (2022), Battle of Sumy, Kherson offensive, and Kyiv offensive (2022)

Overnight, a gas pipeline outside Kharkiv was reported to have been blown up by a Russian attack,[126] while an oil depot in the village of Kriachky near Vasylkiv ignited after being hit by missiles.[127] Heavy fighting near the Vasylkiv air base prevented firefighters from tackling the blaze.[128] Also at night, it was reported that a group of Ukrainian Roma (Gypsies) had seized a Russian tank in Liubymivka, close to Kakhovka, in the Kherson Oblast.[129][130] Furthermore, the Presidential Office stated that Zhuliany Airport was also bombed.[131] Russian-backed separatists in Luhansk province said that an oil terminal in the town of Rovenky was hit by a Ukrainian missile.[132] The State Emergency Service of Ukraine rescued 80 people from a nine-story residential building in Kharkiv after Russian artillery hit the building, extensively damaging it and killing a woman.[133]

Nova Kakhovka's mayor, Vladimir Kovalenko, confirmed that the city had been seized by Russian troops, and he accused them of destroying the settlements of Kozatske and Vesele [uk; ru].[134] Russian troops also entered Kharkiv, with fighting taking place in the city streets, including in the city centre.[135] At the same time, Russian tanks started pushing into Sumy.[136] Meanwhile, the Russian Defense Ministry announced that Russian forces had completely surrounded Kherson and Berdyansk, in addition to capturing Henichesk and Kherson International Airport in Chernobaevka.[137][138] By the early afternoon, Kharkiv Oblast governor Oleh Synyehubov stated that Ukrainian forces had regained full control of Kharkiv,[139] and Ukranian authorities said that dozens of Russian troops in the city had surrendered.[140]

Sergey Melikov, the head of the Republic of Dagestan, announced that a high-ranking Dagestani officer died in Ukraine when he detonated a grenade, killing several Ukrainian military personnel.[141] The Verkhovna Rada claimed that a unit of Kadyrovtsy soldiers was destroyed in Hostomel, though it took time because of them hiding behind civilian infrastructure, with the commander of the 141st Regiment killed along with them.[142]

Putin ordered Russian nuclear forces on a high alert, a "special regime of combat duty", in response to what he called "aggressive statements" by NATO members.[143][144][145] This statement was met with harsh criticism from NATO, the European Union and the United Nations: Secretary-General of NATO Jens Stoltenberg described it as being "dangerous and irresponsible", while UN official Stéphane Dujarric called the idea of a nuclear war "inconceivable".[146][147]

Ukraine said that it would send a delegation to meet with a Russian delegation for talks in Gomel, Belarus. Zelenskyy's office said that they agreed to meet without preconditions.[148][149][150] Zelenskyy also said that he talked by telephone with Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko and stated that he was promised that Belarusian troops would not be sent to Ukraine.[151]

According to the intelligence analyst firm Rochan Consulting, Russia had been able to connect Crimea with areas in eastern Ukraine held by pro-Russian forces by besieging Mariupol and Berdiansk.[152] Hennadiy Matsegora, the mayor of Kupiansk, agreed to hand over control of the city to Russian forces.[153] Oleksiy Arestovych, an advisor to the President of Ukraine, later stated that Berdiansk had been captured by Russian forces.[154] The ISW stated that Russian forces in the north of Ukraine likely conducted an "operational pause," starting the previous day in order to deploy additional forces and supplies. Russian military resources not previously part of the invasion force were being moved toward Ukraine in anticipation of a more difficult conflict than initially expected. The main Russian force from the Crimea was advancing north towards Zaporizhzhia, while a Russian force on the east bank of the Dnipro threatened Mykolaiv.[155]

28 February[edit]

See also: Kherson offensive, Kyiv offensive (2022), and Battle of Kyiv (2022)

A U.S. official stated that Belarus is preparing to send its own soldiers into Ukraine in support of the Russian invasion, despite previous agreements with Ukraine.[156] The Kyiv Independent relayed an anonymous report by unnamed Belarusian opposition journalists that Belarusian paratroopers were to be deployed, likely to either the Kyiv or Zhytomyr areas.[157]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ↑ "Why is Russia invading Ukraine and what does Putin want?". BBC News. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 19 December 2021. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  2. ↑ "Soldiers, Separatists, Sanctions: A Timeline Of The Russia-Ukraine Crisis". 24 February 2022. Retrieved 28 February 2022.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Full text: Putin's declaration of war on Ukraine". The Spectator. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 27 February 2022.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Путин принял решение о проведении операции по денацификации и демилитаризации Украины" [Putin decided to conduct an operation to de-Nazify and demilitarise Ukraine]. TASS (in русский). 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  5. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Meduza_Putin_announces_invasion
  6. ↑ "Russian President Vladimir Putin announces military assault against Ukraine in surprise speech". MSN. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  7. ↑ "Ukraine conflict: Russia announces special military operation in Donbas". BBC News. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  8. ↑ "Russia's Putin Announces Military Operation in Ukraine". The Moscow Times. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  9. ↑ "Обращение Президента Российской Федерации" [Message from the President of the Russian Federation]. Kremlin.ru (in русский). 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  10. ↑ Chernova, Anna (24 February 2022). "Kremlin spokesperson echoes Putin's baseless claims on invasion objectives". CNN. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  11. ↑ Hodge, Nathan; Lister, Tim; Kottasová, Ivana; Smith-Spark, Laura (24 February 2022). "Ukraine vows defiance as Russia launches major invasion". CNN. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  12. ↑ Li, David K.; Allen, Jonathan; Siemaszko, Corky (24 February 2022). "Putin using false 'Nazi' narrative to justify Russia's attack on Ukraine, experts say". NBC News. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  13. ↑ Landen, Xander (24 February 2022). "Holocaust Museum Criticizes Putin's Saying Ukraine Needs to Be 'Denazified'". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 25 February 2022. Retrieved 25 February 2022.
  14. ↑ "Operations in Flight Information Regions: FIR LVIV (UKLV), FIR KYIV (UKBV), FIR DNIPROPETROVSK (UKDV), FIR SIMFEROPOL (UKFV), FIR ODESA (UKOV)". EASA. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  15. ↑ "Putin announces 'special military operation' in Ukraine". Politico. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 16.2 Osborn, Andrew; Zinets, Natalia (23 February 2022). "Russian forces invade Ukraine with strikes on major cities". Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  17. ↑ Keith, Collins; Lazaro, Gamio; Scott, Reinhard (23 February 2022). "Maps: Tracking the Russian Invasion of Ukraine". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 22 February 2022. Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  18. ↑ Isachenkov, Vladimir; Litvinova, Dasha; Karmanau, Yuras; Heintz, Jim (23 February 2022). "Russia attacks Ukraine as defiant Putin warns US, NATO". AP News. Archived from the original on 23 February 2022. Retrieved 23 February 2022.
  19. ↑ Hodge, Nathan; Lister, Tim; Kottasová, Ivana; Regan, Helen (24 February 2022). "Russia launches military attack on Ukraine with reports of explosions and troops crossing border". CNN. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  20. ↑ "The war just started". South China Morning Post. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  21. ↑ "Watch Russian vehicles enter Ukraine via Crimea". The Hindu. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 Mendick, Robert (24 February 2022). "Step-by-step guide on how an all-out Russian invasion of Ukraine could unfold". The Daily Telegraph. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  23. ↑ Stewart, Phil; Ali, Idrees (24 February 2022). "Russia plans to 'decapitate' Ukraine government -U.S. defense official". Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  24. ↑ "Exclusive: U.S. expects Kyiv's fall in days, Ukraine source warns of encirclement". Newsweek. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 26 February 2022. Retrieved 26 February 2022.
  25. ↑ "Ukraine-Russia crisis: Live updates". CNN. 23 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  26. ↑ "Russia has launched its war in Ukraine". Vox. 23 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  27. ↑ "Russia takes military action in Ukraine as UN meets". Al Jazeera. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 Troianovski, Anton; MacFarquhar, Neil (23 February 2022). "Ukraine Live Updates: Russia Begins Invasion From Land and Sea". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  29. ↑ "Ukraine: Troops moving in from Belarus". BBC. 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  30. ↑ "Украинские пограничники сообщили об атаке границы со стороны России и Белоруссии" [Ukrainian border guards reported an attack on the border from Russia and Belarus]. Interfax (in русский). 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  31. ↑ "Военные РФ заявили, что погранслужба Украины не оказывает сопротивления" [The military of the Russian Federation said that the border service of Ukraine does not resist]. Interfax (in русский). 24 February 2022. Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
  32. ↑ "ВСУ отвоевали Счастье: уничтожено около 50 врагов" [Armed Forces of Ukraine won back Happiness: about 50 enemies were destroyed]. Unian (in русский). Archived from the original on 24 February 2022. Retrieved 24 February 2022.
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